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Glaucoma

 Glaucoma
Glaucoma as you know is a disease like Diabetes which can be kept at check and van not be cured, and of late the early diagnosis of Glaucoma has improved to a vast extent that it is comparatively easy for an experienced ophthalmologist to deduct Glaucoma at a very early stage even before symptoms appear and can be kept at a check throughout the life oe the patients without further damage.

The two varieties of Glaucoma commonly known as surgical or angle closure Glaucoma and medical Glaucoma or open angle Glaucoma has become obsolete and both Glaucoma now must be treated surgically or by Lasers.

The earliest symptoms of Glaucoma which can be detected by a family physician are
1. frequent change of spectacles after 40 years or in infants which cries which taken outside due to intense photophobia.
improin infants ,child or adults.
3. In infants the size of the cornea is enlarged or smaller than normal.
4. Difficulty in moving in a crowd.
5. Difficulty in moving in semi darkened area and delayed dark adaptation
6. Family history of Glaucoma or Diabetes
7. Un explained frequent headache more so in females after being in the dark room especially cinema hall.
8. Vague visual defect which cannot be improved  or explained even after wearing spectacle.

If any two of the symptoms are persistent it is better to do all tests to rule out Glaucoma and diagnose early and treat
Now new excellent drugs have come out in the market so treatment if detected early you can control it well and prevent complications. Non-surgical OPtype of treatment is possible now with Lasers.
Finally GLAUCOMA is to be suspected by the Doctor and diagnosed ant not suspected by patients and untreated by Doctors.
Modern instruments used now to diagnose and treat are

1. Applanation tonometer both contact and non-contact
2. Pachimeter to measure corneal thickness
3. Computerised automatic peripheral field analyzer
4. Gonioscope to see the angle of the anterior chamber and do Laser Gonioplasty
5. Yag laser machine to laser iridotomy in acute attacks and laser gonio procedure